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Bladder cancer is cancer that forms in your urinary bladder, the muscular sac that stores urine. This balloon-shaped organ is located in your pelvis. Urine made by the kidneys goes into your bladder for storage. The bladder consists of several layers, including a muscular wall. The muscle relaxes to allow the bladder to fill with urine, and contracts to allow urination. Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells grow out of control....

It’s certainly easy to find — on top of burgers and tacos, and as the star of a well-curated appetizer plate — but should you be limiting your consumption? Sure, cheese is high in calcium and is a good source of protein, but it’s also high in fat. So which camp wins out? Here, explore the history of cheese, its health benefits, side effects, and how to select and store it....

There currently is no cure for COVID-19, but there are approved and investigational treatments. International groups of scientists have also created COVID-19 vaccines, with three extremely effective ones available in the United States as well as booster shots. While vaccines are a powerful defense against COVID-19, people can take other precautions as well, such as wearing a face covering in indoor public spaces, washing hands frequently, and social distancing (staying at least six feet away from anyone who is not part of your household)....

If you develop an H. pylori infection, you may not have any signs or symptoms. But it can lead to peptic ulcers, gastritis, and even certain types of stomach cancer. Sharing a crowded living spaceLiving in a developing countryNot having access to clean waterLiving with someone who has H. pylori See a healthcare provider right away if you experience the following symptoms: Severe stomach or other abdominal painStomach or abdominal pain that doesn’t go awayDifficulty swallowingBloody, black, or tarry stoolsVomit that’s bloody or looks like coffee grounds...

People who have pseudobulbar affect have sudden, frequent, and uncontrollable episodes of laughing or crying. In most cases, the laughing or crying is disproportionate to the humor or sadness of the situation. Sometimes the display of emotions can even seem inappropriate. In people with PBA, there is a disparity between a person’s feelings and the outward emotions they are displaying. Pseudobulbar affect occurs in association with other brain disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and Alzheimer’s disease....

Asthma is a condition that causes inflammation in the airways, making them narrower and harder to breathe through. And while rescue medication like an inhaler can help relieve tension around the airways and make it easier to breathe, it doesn’t stop the inflammation, says Janna Tuck, MD, an allergist and spokesperson for the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. But taking the right steps when you feel symptoms setting in can help you get back to normal faster....

The new guidelines from the NIH’s National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) were published in December 2020 in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and on the NHLBI website. This is the first update since 2007 and covers six areas of asthma management, with the biggest impacts for kids, teens, and adults who use inhalers. “This update is important for all healthcare practitioners who treat asthma — family medicine clinicians, pediatricians, internal medicine specialists, allergy/immunology specialists, and pulmonologists,” says Giselle S....

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released a statement in September alerting healthcare professionals and consumers that low levels of the probable human carcinogen N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was found in some ranitidine medicines, including Zantac. The same chemical has been linked to the recent recall of a blood pressure medication. The drugstore chains Walgreens, Rite Aid, and CVS have also halted the sale of Zantac and its generic versions Although the FDA has not recalled Zantac and other medicines containing ranitidine, CVS Pharmacy said in a statement that it has suspended sales of the product “out of an abundance of caution....

As psoriasis progresses or becomes more severe, though, topical treatments may not be enough to ease your symptoms. If that’s the case, your doctor may prescribe systemic treatments to calm the source of the inflammation that causes psoriasis. The good news: There are plenty of options available, says Mark Lebwohl, MD, chairman of the dermatology department at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York and past chairman of the Psoriasis Task Force of the American Academy of Dermatology....

But a large study has found that eating more whole grains of any type may cut the risk of developing this condition, which causes hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, and can increase the risk of life-threatening complications such as heart disease, neuropathy, and kidney damage. The research, published in the September 2018 issue of the Journal of Nutrition, involved more than 55,000 individuals, and suggests that increased intake of whole-grain wheat, oats, and rye may help reduce a person’s risk for type 2 diabetes....

Allergies develop when your immune system mistakenly identifies a substance such as pollen, mold, animal dander, or food as harmful. That substance is referred to as an allergen. The allergen stimulates immune system cells to release certain chemicals, such as histamine, which then lead to allergy symptoms. Depending on the allergen, allergy symptoms can involve the nasal passages, eyes, sinuses, airways, skin, and digestive system. Reactions can vary from mild to severe and, in some cases, cause anaphylaxis, a life-threatening condition....

But in recent years, some researchers have called some bipolar diagnoses into question, while others have maintained that the number of people with the disorder, which causes severe swings in energy levels and mood, is actually greater. Bipolar disorder is often overdiagnosed, according to a review published in February 2016 in The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry that was authored by Mark Zimmerman, MD, a professor of psychiatry and human behavior at Brown University in Providence and principal investigator of the Rhode Island Methods to Improve Diagnostic Assessment and Services (MIDAS) project — an ongoing clinical research study examining the diagnosis, assessment, and outcome of patients....

Study authors were somewhat surprised by the results because younger adults generally have fewer additional complicating health factors. “As a group, younger patients are more physically active and have higher performance status and are better able to perform the activities of daily living than older patients,” said study senior author Kimmie Ng, MD, MPH, director of the Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer Center at Dana-Farber, in a statement. “They also tend to be treated with higher doses of therapy and have less severe side effects....

And every new medication that’s approved seems to offer even more promise for people with psoriasis. “Every time one of these new medications comes out, we’re getting longer remissions and clearer skin,” emphasizes Wieder. “We’re talking about even coming off medicines and going for longer periods of time without psoriasis.” Meanwhile, research efforts to find a cure continue. “I am hopeful that someday we’ll have something that gives us really long remissions and helps our patients stay clear for long periods of time,” Wieder says....

An MRI is incredibly loud. Expect clanking and banging that sounds like a jackhammer during the MRI, and can range from 82 to 118 decibels. Bring your own foam or silicone earplugs, or ask for them before you go into the MRI tube. Children — and some adults — who could be frightened by the sound may need sedation in order to lie still during the test. You may be in for way longer than you expected....

Whether you’re taking a business trip or bucket-list vacation, follow these steps to make sure your travels are safe and enjoyable. 1. Pack plenty of medication. If you take epilepsy medication, bring enough to cover your entire trip — plus some extra doses in case you encounter travel delays. Keep your prescriptions in their original containers with the labels clearly visible. Also, to more easily navigate security concerns, ask your doctor for a letter that explains that you have epilepsy and lists the medications you take to control your seizures....

Unlike previous research, the study specifically focused on participants who are obese. Twenty-three individuals, who on average were age 45 and had a body mass index (BMI) of 35, were included. For 12 weeks, the participants were instructed to eat anything they wanted, but only between the hours of 10 a.m. and 6 p.m. Outside of those hours, they were told to consume only water or calorie-free beverages such as black tea or coffee....

Why do these naturally sweet root vegetables fail to get love? It could be their earthy odor and flavor, the result of a compound called geosmin, which can be unpleasant to many people, research shows. This compound tends to be concentrated in the peel, however, which means that you may enjoy beets more after peeling them. Granted, beets can be a little difficult and messy to prep, but the effort is well worth it....

A study using positron emission tomography–computerized tomography (PET/CT) scans of the amygdala, known as the brain’s fear and stress center, sheds light on the connection. It showed that people who had increased activity in their amygdala had more inflammation in their arteries and bone marrow. Over time, and up to five years later, those with a more consistently activated amygdala were 60 percent more likely to have a heart attack....

Your doctor is the best resource for learning which COPD medication you should take and how it should be administered. But there may be signs that indicate you should check that you’re on the right medicine and using it the right way. Types of COPD medications include the following: Bronchodilators These are used to relax the muscles around the airways to help keep them open, making it easier to breathe....